auteur: Philips Carl V.
jaar: 2010
url: http://docs.wind-watch.org/Phillips-wind-turbines-and-health.pdf
type onderzoek: epidemiologische analyse
zoektermen: epidemiologie, gezondheidsschade
Relevantie: Een gepokt en gemazeld epidemioloog, emeritus in epidemiologie van de gezondheidszorg, analyseert, als geïnviteerd expert getuige kritisch en met goede argumenten, de beweringen van voor- en tegenstanders van de gezondheidsschade die IWTs (Industriële Wind Turbines) teweeg kunnen brengen. Zijn conclusie is een expliciet en overtuigend “ja, die relatie bestaat inderdaad”.
Nederlandse samenvatting: Er bestaan meer dan genoeg wetenschappelijk aangetoonde feiten – zowel in casuïstiek als in case-control onderzoek – om te kunnen vaststellen dat IWTs gezondheidsschade kunnen toebrengen aan mensen. De gerapporteerde gezondheidseffecten, zoals slapeloosheid, concentratiestoornissen, angstgevoelens, en algemene psychologische stressgevoelens, zijn net zo reëel als lichamelijke ziekten en vormen een onderdeel van de individuele en de publieke gezondheidszorg. Er bestaat een relatie tussen blootselling aan IWT-geluid en ontstane negeatieve effecten op de gezondheid. Hoewel deze klachten moeilijk te onderzoeken zijn, vormen zij waarschijnlijk een groter aandeel van de ziektelast in de Westerse samenleving dan lichamelijke ziekten. Het percentage en de omvang is (nog niet) exact vast te stellen door nog onvoldoende cijfermatige onderbouwing. Op het rapport van Pierpont (2009) is zeker kritiek mogelijk maar het draagt zeker bij aan de vaststelling dat dit probleem bestaat.
Originele abstract: There is ample scientific evidence to conclude that wind turbines cause serious health problems for some people living nearby. Some of the most compelling evidence in support of this has been somewhat overlooked in previous analyses, including that the existing evidence fits what is known as the case-crossover study design, one of the most useful studies in epidemiology, and the revealed preference (observed behavior) data of people leaving their homes, etc., which provides objective measures of what would otherwise be subjective phenomena. In general, this is an exposure-disease combination where causation can be inferred from a smaller number of less formal observations than is possible for cases such as chemical exposure and cancer risk.
• The reported health effects, including insomnia, loss of concentration, anxiety, and general psychological distress are as real as physical ailments, and are part of accepted modern definitions of individual and public health. While such ailments are sometimes more difficult to study, they probably account for more of the total burden of morbidity in Western countries than do strictly physical diseases. It is true that there is no bright line between these diseases and less intense similar problems that would not usually be called a disease, this is a case for taking the less intense versions of the problems more seriously in making policy decisions, not to ignore the serious diseases.
• Existing evidence is not sufficient to make several important quantifications, including what portion of the population is susceptible to the health effects from particular exposures, how much total health impact wind turbines have, and the magnitude of exposure needed to cause substantial risk of important health effects. However, these are questions that could be answered if some resources were devoted to finding the answer. It is not necessary to proceed with siting so that more data can accumulate, since there is enough data now if it were gathered and analyzed.
• The reports that claim that there is no evidence of health effects are based on a very simplistic understanding of epidemiology and self-serving definitions of what does not count as evidence. Though those reports probably seem convincing prima facie, they do not represent proper scientific reasoning, and in some cases the conclusions of those reports do not even match their own analysis.
url http://docs.wind-watch.org/Phillips-wind-turbines-and-health.pdf
prepared at the request of Brown County Citizens for Responsible Wind Energy in connection with Public Service Commission of Wisconsin docket no. 1-AC-231, Wind Siting Rules